论文关键词:公路工程 路基路面压实 重要性 施工技术

 
Paper keywords: importance roadbed compaction construction technology of highway construction 
  论文摘要:对于公路工程的路基路面压实工作来说,其实公路工程中路基路面施工工作的最后一道工序,同时也是保证公路工程的施工质量的重要环节。良好的路基路面压实施工工作能够有效地保障路基路面的刚度以及强度,能够有效的延长公路的使用寿命。由此可见,路基路面压实施工在公路工程建设中有着十分重要的地位,其施工质量的好坏能够直接影响公路工程的施工。
 
Abstract: for roadbed compaction work of highway engineering, highway engineering actually subgrade pavement construction work at the end of the line in the process, at the same time is also very important to ensure the quality of highway engineering construction. Work of a good roadbed pressure can effectively guarantee stiffness and strength of subgrade pavement, can effectively extend the service life of highway. Roadbed pressure implementation work, therefore, has the extremely important status in the highway engineering construction, the construction quality can directly affect the construction of highway engineering. 
 
  
 
 
   对于公路的路基路面施工技术来讲,其实公路工程中一项十分重要的环节,其施工质量的好坏将会直接影响到公路工程的质量和使用寿命,良好的路面路基压实施工,能够有效的延长公路的使用寿命,减少不必要的道路养护费用,反之,如果施工技术不到位,不能够做好路面路基压实工作,就会影响道路的正常使用,增加道路的养护和维修费用。本文从做好压实施工的重要性谈起,继而阐述了影响其施工的主要因素,最后介绍了关于其施工技术的相关问题。
 
For highway subgrade pavement construction technology, highway construction is an important link, its construction quality will directly affect the highway engineering quality and service life, good road roadbed pressure implementation work, can effectively extend the service life of highway, reduce unnecessary road maintenance fees, on the other hand, if the construction technology does not reach the designated position, will not be able to do a good job in pavement subgrade compaction can affect the normal use of roads, road maintenance and repair costs. The importance of this paper completes the implementation of work pressure, and then expounds the main factors affecting the construction, and finally introduces the related problems about its construction technology. 
 
  一、良好的路面路基压实施工对公路工程的影响
 
A, good pavement subgrade pressure implementation work of highway engineering 
 
  第一,良好的路面路基压实施工是保证路面强度的需要。当前,在工程的施工过程中,为了能够对投入的成本进行有效地控制,路面往往都设计的比较薄。基于这种情况,路基路面的压实施工的质量就会影响到路面强度的大小,即其二者之间存在正比例关系:路基路面的压实质量越好,路面的强度就越大,反之,压实的质量越差,其强度也就越差。
 
First, the good implementation work is to ensure that the road pavement subgrade pressure intensity. At present, in the process of project construction, in order to be able to to effectively control investment cost, the road tend to design more thin. Based on this case, the roadbed the implementation of the quality of the work pressure will affect the size of the pavement strength, that there is a direct proportion relationship between them: the roadbed compaction quality, the better, the greater the strength of pavement, on the other hand, the compacting quality is poor, its strength is worse. 
 
  第二,良好的路面路基压实施工能够路面的稳定性。对于公路的路基路面施工来讲,如果其压实度小,那么存在于公路的施工材料之间的孔隙就会变大,这样的情况会使雨水十分容易渗透进来,致使公路中的土壤成分的强度因雨水的作用而降低,这样的情况会使公路在外力荷载的影响之下,出现路面变形的情况,使公路的稳定性下降。由此可见,良好的路基路面压实施工是路面的稳定性的重要保障。
 
Second, a good implementation work to the road pavement subgrade pressure stability. For highway subgrade pavement construction, if the compaction degree is small, so exist in the highway construction materials between pore becomes big, it can make the rain is very easy to come in, the roads in the composition of soil strength decreases because of the action of rain, it can make the highway under the influence of external load, pavement deformation condition, decreased the stability of the highway. Good roadbed pressure implementation work, therefore, is an important guarantee of the stability of the road. 
 
  第三,良好的路基路面压实施工能够有提高路面的耐久性。对于公路来讲,其耐久性越高公路的使用寿命也就越高,而路面的耐久性又能够受到路面的强度、稳定性等各方面的原因的影响,通过上文的介绍我们可以指导,这些影响因素又与路基路面的压实施工有着十分密切的关系,因此我们可以说,提高路基路面压实施工质量能够有效的提高路面的耐久性。
 
Third, the good work of a roadbed pressure can improve the durability of pavement. For highway, the durability of the higher road service life are higher, and the durability of pavement will be influenced by the strength of the pavement, the influence of the stability and so on various aspects reason, through the introduction above, we can guide, these influencing factors and implementation of the work pressure of the subgrade pavement has a very close relationship, therefore we can say, improve the quality of subgrade compaction of implementation work can effectively improve the durability of pavement. 
 
  二、影响路面路基压实施工质量的因素
 
Second, the influencing factors on the quality of the pavement subgrade pressure implementation work 
 
  (一)路基土壤含水量
 
(a) subgrade soil moisture content 
 
   我们常说的路基路面的压实施工就是通过碾压来克服土壤颗粒之间的粘结力和摩擦力,以此来减少土壤颗粒之间的摩擦力,使土壤颗粒能够不断互相靠近。但是,土壤颗粒的摩擦力和与粘结力与土壤的含水量有着十分密切的联系,他们能够伴随着土壤的密实的增加而增加,由此可见,在路面路基压实施工的过程中,路基土壤的含水量能够影响到路基路面压实施工的施工质量。
 
We often say the roadbed the implementation work is through the rolling pressure to overcome the cohesive force and the friction force between soil particles, in order to reduce the friction between the soil particles, the soil particles can be near to each other constantly. However, friction force and cohesive force of soil particles and soil water content has a very close relation, they can be accompanied with the increase with the increase of the compacted soil, thus it can be seen, in the process of pavement subgrade pressure implementation work, the subgrade soil water content can affect the implementation of construction quality of subgrade pavement pressure. 
(二)碾压施工的影响 
   碾压施工能够对路面路基的施工造成十分巨大的影响,其主要体现在:碾压的厚度、碾压的变数以及碾压速度等方面之上,下面就对其进行详细的介绍: 
   首先,采用的碾压方式不同,能够对路基路面的压实施工产生不同的影响。在相关的施工技术规范中对碾压施工的施工方式有着十分明确地规定:在进行碾压施工时,必须要按照线边缘后中间、先轻后重、先慢后快的方式进行碾压。只有这样才能够有效地保证压实施工的施工质量。此外,需要注意的是,此种碾压方式并非适用于各个路面的压实工作。 
  其次,碾压速度的快慢也能够对施工质量产生影响。通过大量的实践研究我们不难发现:碾压速度的快慢在一定程度上也能够决定施工质量的好坏,其与压实施工的施工质量有着十分密切的联系,碾压速度过大会导致路面出现起伏,碾压速度过小就会使被压材料所承受的荷载超出其承受的范围,引发质量问题。 
  三、路基路面压实施工技术的技术要点 
   通过上文可知,路基路面压实施工技术和公路的质量之间有着十分密切的联系,而影响压实施工的施工质量的因素又有很多,因此,我们要想提高压实施工的施工质量,就必须掌握压实施工技术的技术要点: 
   首先,在进行压实作业时,必须要保证压路机的碾压段的长度能够和摊铺的速度相协调,并努力使其二者保持在稳定的状态之中,对于一些特殊情况要采取特殊对待,例如:在气温比较高且风俗较小的情况下,碾压段的长度不应该过短,应该适当的增长;反之,在气温较低且风俗较大的情况下,碾压段的可以适当的缩小。 
   其次,对于仍旧处在冷却状态中的路面沥青混合料面层来说,其上不允许停放任何类型的机械或主设备,并且要保证其整洁干净,不能够向上方倾倒油料或者矿料等杂物。 
   第三,对于不能够采用压路机进行路面路基压实施工的路面部分来说,可以采用振动夯来完成压实作业。 
   第四,对于碾压段的长度的设定要以混合料的性质和路面沥青的出场温度以及施工时的风速和温度等因素来进行设定,不能够盲目的设定。 
   第五,开挖换土法。一般来说首先,应采取相应的处理办法将基地下一定深度内的所有土层挖取,换上强度较大的灰土、碎石等以及其他性能稳定且不具有侵蚀性的土质,而后进行压实。对于开挖换土法来说,只有在地基的软土层厚度不足两米的情况下才能够使用,其具体做法是:先将内部的土质全部挖除出来,而后将优良的土质填充进去,需要注意的是,换土对象并非是全部的土层,有些土层就不需要换土,例如持力层。在填土的过程中,不但要关注换土部分的填充工作,还要关注软弱层的相关调整事项,要通过技术建设办法来提升内部渗透技术,继而来提高对软土层的掌控能力,使其能够更好的满足填土法的需要。 
  结束语: 
   综上所述,对于路基路面的压实施工来讲,其施工质量的评定结果是评价公路质量的一项十分重要的指标,良好的路面路基压实施工能有有效的保证公路的质量,提高公路的使用寿命寿面。对于施工单位来说,必须要重视路面路基的压实施工,掌握影响施工质量的因素,并要掌握施工的技术要点,只有这样才能够有效的提高路面路基的施工质量,继而提高公路工程施工质量。